InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Mus musculus Protein: A2m

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-184736.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

A2m

Protein Name

alpha-2-macroglobulin

Synonyms

Species

Mus musculus

Ensembl Protein

ENSMUSP00000032203

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-184734 (A2m)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique 'trapping' mechanism. This protein has a peptide stretch, called the 'bait region' which contains specific cleavage sites for different proteinases. When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the covalent binding of the protein to the proteinase (By similarity). {ECO:0000250UniProtKB:P01023}.

Subcellular Localization

Secreted {ECO:0000250}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Expressed in uterus, mesometrial lympoid aggregate and mammary tissue during pregnancy. Expressed in ovary, testis and kidney. Low level expression in heart. Not expressed in liver. {ECO:0000269PubMed:15355875}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 0 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 86 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.

Predicted by orthology
Total	86 [view]

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0002020	protease binding
GO:0004866	endopeptidase inhibitor activity
GO:0004867	serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
GO:0005102	receptor binding
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0019838	growth factor binding
GO:0019899	enzyme binding
GO:0019959	interleukin-8 binding
GO:0019966	interleukin-1 binding
GO:0030414	peptidase inhibitor activity
GO:0043120	tumor necrosis factor binding
GO:0048306	calcium-dependent protein binding

Biological Process

GO:0001869	negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway
GO:0007565	female pregnancy
GO:0010951	negative regulation of endopeptidase activity
GO:0048863	stem cell differentiation

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome
GO:0072562	blood microparticle

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

MGI:2449119

InterPro

IPR001599 Alpha-2-macroglobulin
IPR002890 Alpha-2-macroglobulin, N-terminal
IPR007990 Seminal vesicle autoantigen
IPR008930 Terpenoid cyclases/protein prenyltransferase alpha-alpha toroid
IPR009048 Alpha-macroglobulin, receptor-binding
IPR011625 Alpha-2-macroglobulin, N-terminal 2
IPR011626 Alpha-macroglobulin complement component
IPR019565 Alpha-2-macroglobulin, thiol-ester bond-forming

PFAM