InnateDB: Systems Biology of the Innate Immune Response

Homo sapiens Protein: A2M

Summary

InnateDB Protein

IDBP-17625.6

Last Modified

2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]

Gene Symbol

A2M

Protein Name

alpha-2-macroglobulin

Synonyms

A2MD; CPAMD5; FWP007; S863-7;

Species

Homo sapiens

Ensembl Protein

ENSP00000323929

InnateDB Gene

IDBG-17623 (A2M)

Protein Structure

UniProt Annotation

Function

Is able to inhibit all four classes of proteinases by a unique 'trapping' mechanism. This protein has a peptide stretch, called the 'bait region' which contains specific cleavage sites for different proteinases. When a proteinase cleaves the bait region, a conformational change is induced in the protein which traps the proteinase. The entrapped enzyme remains active against low molecular weight substrates (activity against high molecular weight substrates is greatly reduced). Following cleavage in the bait region a thioester bond is hydrolyzed and mediates the covalent binding of the protein to the proteinase.

Subcellular Localization

Secreted {ECO:0000269PubMed:6203908}.

Disease Associations

Tissue Specificity

Secreted in plasma. {ECO:0000269PubMed:6203908}.

Comments

Interactions

Number of Interactions

This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 138 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.

Experimentally validated
Total	138 [view]
Protein-Protein	138 [view]
Protein-DNA	0
Protein-RNA	0
DNA-DNA	0
RNA-RNA	0
DNA-RNA	0

Gene Ontology

Molecular Function

Accession	GO Term
GO:0002020	protease binding
GO:0004866	endopeptidase inhibitor activity
GO:0004867	serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity
GO:0005102	receptor binding
GO:0005515	protein binding
GO:0019838	growth factor binding
GO:0019899	enzyme binding
GO:0019959	interleukin-8 binding
GO:0019966	interleukin-1 binding
GO:0043120	tumor necrosis factor binding
GO:0048306	calcium-dependent protein binding

Biological Process

GO:0001869	negative regulation of complement activation, lectin pathway
GO:0002576	platelet degranulation
GO:0007264	small GTPase mediated signal transduction
GO:0007596	blood coagulation
GO:0007597	blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway
GO:0010951	negative regulation of endopeptidase activity
GO:0022617	extracellular matrix disassembly
GO:0030168	platelet activation
GO:0030198	extracellular matrix organization
GO:0048863	stem cell differentiation
GO:0051056	regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction

Cellular Component

GO:0005576	extracellular region
GO:0005615	extracellular space
GO:0005829	cytosol
GO:0031093	platelet alpha granule lumen
GO:0070062	extracellular vesicular exosome
GO:0072562	blood microparticle

Protein Structure and Domains

PDB ID

InterPro

IPR001599 Alpha-2-macroglobulin
IPR002890 Alpha-2-macroglobulin, N-terminal
IPR008930 Terpenoid cyclases/protein prenyltransferase alpha-alpha toroid
IPR008972 Cupredoxin
IPR009048 Alpha-macroglobulin, receptor-binding
IPR011625 Alpha-2-macroglobulin, N-terminal 2
IPR011626 Alpha-macroglobulin complement component
IPR012338 Beta-lactamase/transpeptidase-like
IPR019565 Alpha-2-macroglobulin, thiol-ester bond-forming

PFAM

PF00207
PF01835
PF07677
PF07703
PF07678
PF10569

PRINTS

PIRSF

SMART

TIGRFAMs

Post-translational Modifications

Modification

Cross-References

SwissProt

P01023

PhosphoSite